Measles cases in England and Wales have risen to 2,016 in 2012, the highest annual total for 18 years, says the Health Protection Agency.
The measles cases during 2012 have been associated with prolonged outbreaks in Merseyside, Surrey and Sussex.
There were also several smaller outbreaks in travelling communities.
The HPA said parents should ensure their children are fully protected against the disease with the MMR vaccine.
Dr Mary Ramsay, head of immunisation at the Health Protection Agency, said coverage of the MMR vaccine is now at historically high levels.
"But measles is highly infectious and can spread easily among communities that are poorly vaccinated, and can affect anyone who is susceptible, including toddlers in whom vaccination has been delayed."
End Quote Dr Mary Ramsay HPAParents should ensure their children are fully protected against measles, mumps and rubella."
She said older children who were not vaccinated at the routine age, who were now teenagers, were at particular risk of becoming exposed while at school.
Two dosesThe only way to prevent outbreaks of measles is to ensure children are being vaccinated, Dr Ramsay said.
"Measles is often associated with being a disease of the past and as a result people may be unaware that it is dangerous infection that can lead to death in severe cases.
"Parents should ensure their children are fully protected against measles, mumps and rubella with two doses of the MMR vaccine.
"Parents of unvaccinated children, as well as older teenagers and adults who may have missed MMR vaccination, should make an appointment with their GP to get vaccinated.
Dr Ramsay also said measles continued to circulate in several European countries, popular with holidaymakers.
The UK along with France, Italy, Spain and Romania accounted for 87% of the total 7,392 measles cases reported throughout the European Union countries up to the end of November 2012.
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