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Unicef's Juliette Touma says people in the Sinjar mountains are in desperate need of food, water, shelter and protection
US President Barack Obama has said he will not allow Sunni Muslim jihadists to carve out a "caliphate", or Islamic state, straddling Syria and Iraq.
The US has been carrying out air strikes on Islamic State (IS) militants in northern Iraq.
Mr Obama said there would be further air strikes if necessary but no US military operation on the ground.
The UK has sent a plane to join the Americans in dropping relief to beleaguered religious refugees.
A cargo plane left RAF Brize Norton in England carrying British humanitarian aid to Iraq, the BBC understands.
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US President Barack Obama: "When countless innocent people are facing a massacre... the US cannot just look away"
IS, a jihadist group formerly known as Isis, has taken control of swathes of Iraq and Syria and has also seized the country's largest dam.
As well as persecuting Christian and Yazidi minorities, the group is confronting the Kurds in northern Iraq and threatening the city of Irbil.
Mr Obama has accused Iraq's Shia Arab majority of squandering an opportunity to share power with the Sunni Arabs and Kurds.
'We can run them off'In an interview for the New York Times, Mr Obama said: "We're not going to let them [IS] create some caliphate through Syria and Iraq, but we can only do that if we know that we've got partners on the ground who are capable of filling the void."
"We can run [IS] off for a certain period of time, but as soon as our planes are gone, they're coming right back in."
In his weekly radio address, Mr Obama emphasised that the US air strikes and humanitarian effort in northern Iraq were vital but limited.
"In recent days, terrorist forces neared the city (of Irbil)," he said. "Thursday night, I made it clear that if they attempted to advance further, our military would respond with targeted strikes.
"That's what we've done and, if necessary, that's what we will continue to do."
He also promised not to let the US be "dragged into fighting another war in Iraq".
"American combat troops will not be returning to the fight," he said.
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Bundles of water were included in the US air-drop over the mountains of Sinjar
The US has conducted its second air drop of food and water to thousands of Iraqis hiding in mountains from IS, the Pentagon says.
The aid was dropped into the mountains around the town of Sinjar, where up to 50,000 members of the Yazidi religious sect fled an IS advance a week ago.
The Pentagon said the supplies included more than 1,500 gallons of water and 28,000 meals. As well as the UK, Australia is considering playing a part in the air drops.
The US carried out two waves of air strikes on Friday - the first time US forces have been directly involved in a military operation in Iraq since American troops withdrew in late 2011.
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2,200 Calories in each daily pack for one person
-
2 main courses such as lentil stew or beans with rice
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2 or more carbohydrate snacks such as crackers or flat bread
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2 sachets of high calorie spreads: usually peanut butter and jam
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Also raisins and/or fruit bar/pastry, condiments, alcohol-free wipe, spoon
Ameriqual
Christians
- The majority are Chaldeans, part of the Catholic Church
- Numbers have fallen from around 1.5 million since the US-led invasion in 2003 to 350,000-450,000
- In Nineveh province, they live mainly in towns such as Qaraqosh (also known as Baghdida), Bartella, al-Hamdaniya and Tel Kef
Yazidis
- Secretive group whose origins and ethnicity are subject to continuing debate
- Religion incorporates elements of many faiths, including Zoroastrianism
- Many Muslims and other groups view Yazidis as devil worshippers
- There are estimated to be around 500,000 Yazidis worldwide, most living in Iraq's Nineveh plains
Iraq: The minorities of Nineveh
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